Demographic Features: Poverty, Income Inequality and Unemployment.

Urbanization and its Effects.

Agricultural Sector:

Institutional Structure: Land Reforms in India.

Technological Changes in Agriculture.

Agricultural Pricing and Agricultural Finance.

Agricultural Marketing.

National Agricultural Policy.

Industrial Policy of 1991.

Public Sector Enterprises and Disinvestment Policy.

Small Scale Sector – Problems and Prospects.

Nature and Scope of Service Industry.

Recent Trends in Banking Industry, Insurance Industry, Healthcare Industry and Tourism Industry.

External Sector:

Structure and Directions of Foreign Trade.

India’s Balance of Payments since 1991.

FDI, Foreign Capital and Transnational Companies in India. Role and Impact of SAARC, ASEAN and WTO.

Monetary Policy of RBI.

Progress of Commercial Banking in India.

Development of Capital Markets.

SEBI and its Functions.

Control in special sectors: Scrap Control, Control of R&D – Project Control, Administrative Cost Control and the emphasis on continuous improvement.

Concept and Technique of Responsibility Budgeting – Analytical framework for Developing Responsibility Budgets – Integrating Responsibility Budgets Integrating Responsibility Budgeting with MBO System.

Performance Measures -Investment Centres/Strategic Business Units, Return on Investment, The problems with ROI and Residual income (RI)

·            Final Accounts as per Electricity Rules

·            Receipt and Expenditure on Capital Account

·            General Balance Sheet

·            Contingency Reserve

Disposal of Surplus (As per Electricity Rules): Norms regarding Disposal of Surplus Replacement of Assets.

Simple practical problems.

(Co-Operative Housing Society and Consumer Co-Operative Society):

Format of Final Accounts – Form N

Simple practical problems on preparation of final accounts of a Co-Operative housing society and Consumer Co-Operative Society

For debentures/Preference. shares (fixed income bearing securities)

Accounting for transactions of purchase and sale of investments with ex and cum interest prices and finding cost of investment sold and carrying cost as per weighted average method (Excl. brokerage).

Columnar format for investment account.

Indian Accounting standards (Ind AS):

Introduction, Road map, First time adaptation of Indian Accounting Standard, Conceptual framework

Comparison of Ind AS, IFRS and AS

IFRS: Introduction, scope Purpose and Objective of financial statement-its Frame work-its assumption, characteristics, element, recognition & measurement, first time adoption of IFRS.

Convergence of Ind-As and IFRS.

Functional budgets, fixed and flexible budgets.

Zero based budgeting, performance budgeting.

Practical problems of preparing flexible budgets and functional budgets.

Meaning of absorption costing,

Introduction to marginal costing.

Distinction between absorption costing and marginal costing.

Advantages and limitations of marginal costing.

Cost Volume and Profit Analysis:

Break even analysis meaning and graphic presentation.

Margin of safety.

Key factor.

Practical problems based on using the marginal costing formulae.

Sales mix decisions.

Exploring new markets.

Plant shut down decision.

Practical problems.

Material Cost variance

Labour cost variance

Variable overhead variances

Fixed Overhead variances

Sales variances

Practical problems

Approaches of Valuation – Assets Based Approach to Valuation, Earnings Based Approach to Valuation, Earnings Measure on Cash Flow Basis, Market Value Added Approach and Economic Value Added.

Commonly Used Bases for determining the Exchange Ratio – EPS, MPS, Book value and Combination of Measures and Evaluation of Mergers (Practical Problems)

Takeovers – Meaning, SEBI Guidelines, Anti-takeover defences and Asset and Liability Restructuring. (Practical Problems).

Hire Purchase – Meaning, Need and Importance, Calculation of Hire Purchase instalments.

Choice between Leasing and Hire Purchase.

Practical Problems based on Factoring and calculations of yield of CP’s and CD’s.

Portfolio Management: Meaning, Evolution, Phases, Role of Portfolio Managers, Advantages of Portfolio Management.

Investment Environment in India and factors conducive for investment in India.

Portfolio Analysis: Meaning and its Components, Calculation of Expected Return and Risk, Calculation of Covariance, Risk – Return Trade off.

Portfolio Selection: Meaning, Feasible Set of Portfolios, Efficient Set of Portfolios, Selection of Optimal Portfolio, Markowitz Model, Limitations of Markowitz Model, Measuring Security Return and Portfolio Return and Risk under Single Index Model and Multi Index Model.

Portfolio Evaluation: Meaning, Need, Measuring Returns.

(Sharpe, Treynor and Jensen Ratios) and Decomposition of Performance.

Mathematical Indicators: Calculation of Moving Averages (Simple and Exponential Moving Average), Oscillators and Relative Strength Index.

Market Indicators.

Fundamental Analysis V/s Technical Analysis.

The Efficient Market Hypothesis.

Forms of Market Efficiency.

Competitive Market Hypothesis.

CAPM: Fundamental Notions of Portfolio Theory, Assumption of CAPM, Efficient Frontier with Riskless Lending and Borrowing, Capital Market Line, Security Market Line and Pricing of Securities with CAPM.

Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) – The Return Generating Model, Factors Affecting Stock Return, Expected Return on Stock, APT V/s CAPM.